Notes

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======Microsoft - Scripting - Batch files - Notes======


=====Replace string in variable=====

<code>
%input:search=replace%
</code>
Source:[[http://omgili.com/batch-dos-replace-search-string|Omgili - Batch Dos Replace Search String]] \\

To replace the : with - in %TIME%:
<code>
%TIME::=-%
</code>

To get the substring from character 3 and onward:
<code>
%DATE:~3%
</code>

Remove trailing slash in the script directory:
<code>
REM Store the script directory.
SET BASEDIR=%~dp0
REM Remove trailing slash.
SET BASEDIR=%BASEDIR:~0,-1%
</code>


=====Remove leading and trailing double-qoutes=====

Remove leading and trailing " from a positional parameter, in this case the fourth parameter:
<code>
"%~4"
</code>

Source:[[https://www.robvanderwoude.com/parameters.php|Rob van der Woude's Scripting Pages - Batch files - Command line parameters]]


=====Replace string in file=====

Download [[https://sourceforge.net/projects/fart-it/|FART]].

Use:
<code>
fart.exe FILENAME SEARCHTEXT REPLACETEXT
</code>


=====Check for empty parameter=====
<code>
IF /I "%1" EQU "" GOTO USAGE

:USAGE
ECHO Missing parameter.
</code>

=====Excute a set of commands for a number of IP-addresses=====
Copy files to 10.1.1.1, 10.1.2.1, 10.1.3.1, etc. up to and including 10.1.8.1. \\
(1,1,8) = start at 1, increase in steps of 1, stop at 8.
<code>
FOR /L %%S IN (1,1,8) DO (

NET USE "\\10.1.%%S.1\C$" /user:"username" "password" /PERSISTENT:NO

COPY /Y "C:\Tools\Robocopy\robocopy.exe" "\\10.1.%%S.1\C$\Windows\system32"

IF NOT EXIST "\\10.1.%%S.1\D$\Scripts" MKDIR "\\10.1.%%S.1\D$\Scripts"

COPY /Y "C:\Scripts\script.cmd" "\\10.1.%%S.1\D$\Scripts"

NET USE "\\10.1.%%S.1\C$" /D

)
</code>

=====Netsh commands=====

Enable the incoming Remote Desktop connections rule:
<code>
%systemroot%\system32\netsh.exe advfirewall firewall set rule name="Remote Desktop (TCP-In)" new enable=Yes
</code>
Source:[[http://support.microsoft.com/kb/947709/en-us|Microsoft Support - How to use the "netsh advfirewall firewall" context instead of the "netsh firewall" context to control Windows Firewall behavior in Windows Server 2008 and in Windows Vista]] \\

Add a rule to open port 1433 for SQL Server:
<code>
%systemroot%\system32\netsh.exe advfirewall firewall add rule name="SQL Server" dir=in action=allow protocol=TCP localport=1433
</code>

Add an incoming rule to only open tcp port 9999 in the firewall for programx.exe and only allow access from 10.1.1.1:
<code>
%systemroot%\system32\netsh.exe advfirewall firewall add rule name="Rule for program X" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Program Files\Program X\programx.exe" profile=any remoteip=10.1.1.1 localport=9999 protocol=TCP 
</code>


====winhttp proxy====

Show proxy:
<code>
netsh winhttp show proxy
</code>

Remove proxy settings:
<code>
netsh winhttp reset proxy
</code>

Set proxy:
<code>
netsh winhttp set proxy PROXY-SERVER-NAME:PORTNUMBER
</code>

Source: [[https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/how-the-windows-update-client-determines-which-proxy-server-to-use-to-connect-to-the-windows-update-website-08612ae5-3722-886c-f1e1-d012516c22a1|Microsoft Support - How the Windows Update client determines which proxy server to use to connect to the Windows Update website]]


====http====

[[https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/networking/technologies/netsh/netsh-http|Microsoft Learn - Netsh http commands]]


=====Create or change local user=====
Create new user that can't change password:
<code>
NET USER /ADD newuser p@ssw0rd /passwordchg:no
</code>
Remove the new user from the users group:
<code>
NET LOCALGROUP users /del newuser
</code>
Add the new user to the Administrators group:
<code>
NET LOCALGROUP Administrators /add newuser
</code>
Set the password to never expire:
<code>
%SystemRoot%\system32\cscript.exe c:\temp\SetPwToNeverExpire.vbs newuser
</code>
See [[microsoft:scripting:vbscript:scripts:setpwtoneverexpire|here]] for the .vbs.

=====Start command prompt with drive mappings as another user=====
<code>
SET USRACC=domain\account
"%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\runas.exe" /noprofile /user:%USRACC% "CMD /T:04 /K net use g: \"\\server.domain.com\share1\" & net use h: \"\\server.domain.com\share2\" & net use i: \"\\server.domain.com\share3\" & net use j: \"\\server.domain.com\share4\""
</code>

=====Capture command line output into a variable=====
<code>
FOR /F %S IN ('date.exe +%Y-%m-%d') DO SET ISO8601DATE=%S
</code>
For use in a batch file:
<code>
IF EXIST date.exe FOR /F %%S IN ('date.exe +%%Y-%%m-%%d') DO (SET DATEFN=%%S)
</code>
Source:[[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/203090/how-to-get-current-datetime-on-windows-command-line-in-a-suitable-format-for-us|Stack Overflow - How to get current datetime on Windows command line, in a suitable format for using in a filename?]]


=====Redirect all output=====

Add "2>&1" *AFTER* the file to redirec to:
<code>
test.bat > test.txt 2>&1
</code>
Source: [[https://www.robvanderwoude.com/battech_redirection.php|Rob van der Woude's Scripting Pages - Batch How To ... - Display & Redirect Output]] 


=====Determine Windows InstallLanguage=====

To use with for example net localgroup commands with localized group names.

<code batch>
@ECHO OFF
REM Determine language for the correct group names to use.
FOR /F "tokens=3" %%a IN ('"%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\reg.exe" QUERY HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Nls\Language /v Installlanguage') DO SET LANGUAGE=%%a

REM Assign group names.
REM Use within ( and ) instead of separated by && to prevent a space being added to the groupname.
IF %LANGUAGE% EQU 0409 (
        SET GUESTGRP=Guests
        SET PERFGRP=Performance Monitor Users
        SET USERGRP=Users
)
IF %LANGUAGE% EQU 0413 (
        SET GUESTGRP=Gasten
        SET PERFGRP=Prestatiemetergebruikers
        SET USERGRP=Gebruikers
)

ECHO %GUESTGRP%
ECHO %PERFGRP%
ECHO %USERGRP%
</code>

Source: [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1610337/how-can-i-find-the-current-windows-language-from-cmd|stack overflow - How can I find the current Windows language from cmd?]]

This works better if you want to use the correct groupname, as InstallLanguage does not always work accurately for this:

<code batch>
REM Determine the correct group name to use.
"%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\net.exe" localgroup Users > nul
IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 SET USERGRP=Users

"%SYSTEMROOT%\system32\net.exe" localgroup Gebruikers > nul
IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 SET USERGRP=Gebruikers
</code>


=====Calculate a time X minutes from now=====

// Handy for a "schtasks.exe /Create /SC ONCE" job set X minutes from now. //

<code batch>
REM Grab current minutes and add 2.
SET /A "MINUTES = %TIME:~3,-6% + 2"

REM Grab current hour.
SET /A "HOUR = %TIME:~0,-9%"

REM If MINUTES is now >60, subtract 60, and add 1 to HOUR.
IF %MINUTES% GEQ 60 SET /A "MINUTES = %MINUTES% - 60" && SET /A "HOUR = %HOUR% + 1"

REM If HOUR is now =>24, subtract 24.
IF %HOUR% GEQ 24 SET /A "HOUR = %HOUR% - 24"

REM If hour or minutes are now <10, add a prefix 0.
IF %HOUR% LSS 10 SET HOUR=0%HOUR%
IF %MINUTES% LSS 10 SET MINUTES=0%MINUTES%

ECHO %HOUR%:%MINUTES%
</code>

Sources:
  - [[https://www.robvanderwoude.com/battech_math.php|Rob van der Woude's Scripting Pages - Batch files - Math]]
  - <code batch>IF /?</code>