JavaScript Machines several old PC simulators.
ES40 Emulator Project portable emulator for the HP (DEC, Compaq) AlphaServer ES40.
SIMH or SIMH implements simulators for:
TS10 now is multi-system emulator system that includes three working emulators: PDP-10 (KS10 and KL10), PDP-11 (KDF11 and KDJ11), and VAX (MicroVAX II and VAXserver 3900).
The Hercules System/370, ESA/390, and z/Architecture Emulator See Jay Maynard - IBM Public Domain Software Collection for (links to) several Operating Systems to run on Hercules.
Project GreenPea aims to implement an emulator for the PDP-12 minicomputer.
Desktop CYBER Emulator
Oberon RISC Emulator see Project Oberon
Bochs is a highly portable open source IA-32 (x86) PC emulator written in C++, that runs on most popular platforms. It includes emulation of the Intel x86 CPU, common I/O devices, and a custom BIOS. Bochs can be compiled to emulate many different x86 CPUs, from early 386 to the most recent x86-64 Intel and AMD processors which may even not reached the market yet.
GXemul is a framework for full-system computer architecture emulation.